The 15 August agreement between the Indonesian government and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) offers the best hope yet of ending a conflict that has cost over 9,000 lives since 1976. The political context is more promising than at the time of the failed 2002 Cessation of Hostilities Agreement but difficult details remain to be worked out on everything from amnesties to political participation. A number of measures need to be taken urgently, including disseminating information in Indonesian and Acehnese; coordinating the agencies working on amnesty, disarmament, reintegration, monitoring and funding; ensuring that government promises to various groups are quickly kept; preparing communities to receive returning GAM members; and protecting vulnerable groups, including those who report violations. Maintaining support in Jakarta is as important as keeping the two sides in Aceh on board.